Locking bolt and nttt



, 0a. 7 1 24, Re. 15,925.

- F. c. WHIPPE Y LOCKING BOLT AND NUT Original Filed Nov. 9, 1920 IM 1 I I? *Hllii a \w 2 l G. I

Inventor Federick C". Wlzippey.

RM a. 7, 1924.

UNITED STATES Re. 15,925 PATENT OFFICE.

rmnnrcx c. mm, or onrcaoo, rumors.

Looxnm now at m.

mil Io. 1 ,887,088, dated August 9, 1981, Serial Io. 428,754, filed Iovember 0, 1980. Application for reissue lied August so, 1088. Serial Io. 658,89.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK C. WHIP- rnr, a citizen of the United States, residing at city of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Im rovement in Looking Bolts and Nuts, of w ich the following is a full,'clear, and exact desc iption, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawi forming part of this specification, in whic Figure 1 is aside elevation view of my improved locking bolt and nut;

'gure 2 is a similar view showing initial strains placed on the bolt;

F'gure 3 is a similar view showing the distorting strains laced on the bolt Figure 4 is a etail view of a modified form of the bolt head; and

' re 5 is a'modified form of a nut.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in looking bolts and nuts, the object being to construct a device of the character described, which, when the nut is screwed home, will not be likely to become loose on account of the backward rotation of the nut. It has been proposed to prevent backward rotation of the nut by interposing between the nut and the surface against which it is designed to shapedwasher; or to provide a nut with a protuberance on. one side of the bolt; or 0 form an inclined inner face on .the nut the or to tap the nut obliquely to its axialxlin this distortion or bowing of the In-Cn dthese forms, thebo 's, distorted slightly, when the nut is home, but bolt occurs opposite the contacting point between the nutsand its impinging surface. -Wliere a edge shaped washer is needy-this bowing occurs in one tion only,'but whgre the protuberance is heated on one side of the It or where the ta ped o ning of the nut is dis obli uefy to 't ef'axial line of the b0 t, or where the inner face of the bolt is inclined. it is obvious that the bowing of the bolt is co'nmantl'y changing as the nut is'turned when in contact with its impinginvention a compound p medkby providing bowilig of th'e bolt v the bolt with a lockmg head having at the impinge, a wedge.

beginning of the turning-down o ration of its nut, a single point contact with the impingin face. This single point contact may pr uced by cooking, the head of the bolt, as shown in Figure 1, wherein the' inner and outer faces of the head are parallel or this single point contact may be produced by forming a protuberance on the inner face of the bolt head as shown in Fi re 4; or the bolt head might obviously a formed with an inclined inner face. The nut ma be formed by tapping the threaded opening therein along :1 ins obliquely disposed to the axial line of the nut as shown in Figure 1, or the inner face of the nut may beinclined as shown in Figure 5, or-the nut may have a protuberance located to one side of its tap opening on its-inner face, which is an obvious modification.

In the drawings, in Figures 1 to 3, I have shown an ordinary bolt having the usual head land the shank or body portion 2 which is threaded at its lower end as at 3 4 and 5 are the two pieces which are supsed to be clamped together. 6 is an openmg throughthe ieces 4 and 5 referablv slightly larger than the size 0 the bolt shank 2. 7 is the nut which, as shown in Figure 1, is about to make its first contact with the impinging face of the piece 5, while the bolt head 1 is resting at one point tilting or canting 0 upon the impinging face 4. The point of 'downtdl its home position; The arrows e and d are to be presumed to represent normality. After making contact at b, further rotation'of the nut will place said point of contact at the end of one=half revolution at a point diagonally opposite the a point 'of contact a. The axiallines indicated by the arrows c and d are now disturbed and shank 2 of the-bolt has a tendency to bow to one side, as shown in Figure 2. A further; revolution of the nut 7 to bring its contacting point b again under the point a will distort the shank 2 and tend to place a compound bow in the shank. This is produced by virtue of the tendency of the head; 1 to rock on its contact .point a and to become fully seated upon the piece 4. Thesamei! a and b is cha of the nut 7. The arrows c and d indicatiigfi the axial lines and the bowing of the sh 2 is of course ex rated in the drawings. Attention shoul directed to a pecullar feature of my im rovement when the nut 7 is being screw home or from the position of the parts shown in Figure 1 to the position of the parts shown in Figure 2 and that is that 'when the point b is under the poifit a, greater friction is encountered than when the point b is diagonally opposite the point a. I consider this f'feature an advanta e in that itis easier to turn the nut soli ly home and it will more firmly be lockedin position and efiect a less tendency to unscrew or become loosened when turning backwardly and encounter increased friction as the relation between the poin re 4, l have, shown a head 1 as In Fi with a protuberance 1, and in rovid 5, I have shown a'nut 7 provided with an inclined inner face 7:, and when a nut, as indicated in- Figure 5, is used with a'construction such as shown in Figure 1, or Figure 4, it will operate'in the same way as the locking bolt and nut herein above described. I "1 It will be noted from an examination of Figgre 3, that the bolt shank 2 is made to ar against the walls of the bolt hole. This contact invariably occurs unless the bolt hole is of enlarged diameterto avoid such contact. The frictional engagement illustrated in Figure 3 provides an ancillary form of locking engagement with the object upon which the-b0 t 1 and nut 7 are'used.

Longitudinal strains 11 n' the bolt 1 do not cause ru -ef the It material. In lockfedhght'ltion, the slhankh2 1;): the bolthl iso s y'fiatel t nastraigt bol t plates and 5. When a bolt is in a wed position, separating stress upon, the plates 4 and 5 would tend to straighten the shanlt 2 of the bolt by elongation rather than rupture. Such strain or stres is wholly compensated by the alas? of the bowed shank 2 and a springlike efiect is produced. This spring-like eflect further reduces the tendency to strip the threads 3 upon bolt 1 when abnormal longitudinal stress is applied to the bolt head and to the nut 7.

-I claim:

1. A device of the character described comprising a bolt whose head is designed to have a rejecting contact point on its impinging ace and a nut on said bolt also having a projecting contact point on its impinging face.

2. A bolt head andnut whose gripping faces are angularly disposed to the bolt axis, whereby when the nut is turned home a compound bowin strain is produced in the shank of the b0 t.

i 3. In combination,a bolt, the grip ing face of which is disposed diagonally o the axis of the bolt shank and a nut which is tapped diagonally of its 'pping face.

-4. A bolt comprising a si a nk and a head, and a nut therefor, said bolt head and nut having flat adjacent contacting faces 0bliquely disposed to one another, one of said contacting faces being disposed diagonally to the axis of said bolt, the screwing home of the nu? upon an object having parallel sides causing said contacting faces to become substantially parallel and causing said shank to be bent in a plurality of angles.

5. A bolt having a head, and a nut there- 7 for, said bolt head and nut having contacting faces at an angle oblique to their axes -when assembled, said faces becoming substantially parallel when in impinging contact with an intermediate object.

6. In combination, a bolt having a head and shank, and a nut, the im inging flat faces of said bolt head and nut ing angularly disposed with to one another,

the screwing home of the nut upon an in-- vtermediate objecthaving parallel sides causing said shank of the bolt to be bent in a plurality of angles.

FREDERICK C. WHIPPEY. 

